4000 m peaks of the Alps

What is a summit, what is not ? There are about as many criteria as people climbing those peaks. It becomes especially "important" when it comes to the 4000 m peaks of the Alps - are there 60 or 80 of them?
The main criterion for being a summit is the height by which it is separated from its neighbours. Hundred meters clearly make up a summit, but also 30 m were mentioned as "valid".
Correspondingly, there are different lists of the 4000 m peaks, established by different persons. In the following list I will mention the list by Karl Blodig ("B",[1] - the first person having climbed all 4000 m peaks in the Alps [at least those matching his criteria]), Richard Goedeke ("G",[2]), the "official" list of UIAA ("U",[3]) and my own count ("H", which basically is derived from [1] and [2]).

	Mountain	Height	Diffi- culty	Lists				gap height	Area	Was Hartmut already there?
	Mountain	Height	Diffi- culty	B	G	U	H	gap height	Area	Was Hartmut already there?
1	Les Droites	4000	D	×	×	×	×	204	Mont Blanc	2001
2	Aiguille de Rochefort	4001	C	×	×	×	×	106	Mont Blanc	1994
3	Lagginhorn	4010	B	×	×	×	×	511	VS Weissmies	1990 2002
4	Dent du Géant	4013	E	×	×	×	×	139	Mont Blanc	2003
5	Punta Baretti	4013	B	×	×	×	×	56	Mont Blanc
6	Dôme de Rochefort	4015	C	×	×	×	×	190	Mont Blanc	1994
7	Weissmies	4023	B	×	×	×	×	1188	VS Weissmies	1984 1985 1987 1989 1991
8	Hinter Fiescherhorn	4025	B	×	×	×	×	102	Bern	1991
9	Allalinhorn	4027	A	×	×	×	×	245	VS Mischabel	1985 1995 1998 2000 1998
10	Dürrenhorn	4035	B	×	×	×	×	119	VS Mischabel	2000
11	Aiguille du Jardin	4035	E	×	×	×	×	37	Mont Blanc
12	Lauteraarhorn	4042	C	×	×	×	×	128	Bern	2001
13	Gross Grünhorn	4044	B	×	×	×	×	305	Bern	1997
14	Punta Giordani	4046	B	×	-	×	×	5	VS Monte Rosa	2001
15	Piz Bernina	4049	C	×	×	×	×	2132	Bernina	1994 2000
16	Gross Fiescherhorn	4049	B	×	×	×	×	395	Bern	1991
17	Aiguille de Bionnassay	4052	C	×	×	×	×	164	Mont Blanc	1990
18	Gran Paradiso	4061	B	×	×	×	×	1873	Gran Paradiso	1986 1990 1992 2007
19	Obergabelhorn	4063	D	×	×	×	×	536	VS Weisshorn	1997
20	Mont Brouillard	4069	B	×	×	×	×	39	Mont Blanc
21	Schreckhorn	4078	D	×	×	×	×	785	Bern
22	Pollux	4092	C	×	×	×	×	247	VS Lyskamm	2001
23	Barre des Ecrins	4102	C	×	×	×	×	2044	Ecrins
24	Grande Rocheuse	4102	D	×	×	×	×	52	Mont Blanc
25	Mönch	4107	B	×	×	×	×	578	Bern	1992 1993
26	Aiguille Blanche de Peuterey	4112	E	×	×	×	×	178	Mont Blanc
27	Aiguille Verte	4122	D	×	×	×	×	688	Mont Blanc	1996
28	Bishorn	4153	A	×	×	×	×	95	VS Weisshorn	1989 1990 1992 2001
29	Jungfrau	4158	B	×	×	×	×	683	Bern	1993
30	Breithorn	4164	A	×	×	×	×	433	VS Lyskamm	2001
31	Dent d'Hérens	4171	C	×	×	×	×	692	VS Matterhorn	2000
32	Strahlhorn	4190	B	×	×	×	×	401	VS Mischabel	1985 1986 1996 1999
33	Aletschhorn	4195	B	×	×	×	×	1017	Bern	1988 1989
34	Rimpfischhorn	4199	C	×	×	×	×	635	VS Mischabel	1986^a 1987 1994 1996^a
35	Alphubel	4206	B	×	×	×	×	355	VS Mischabel	1987 1989 1992 1993 1993 2004 2006
36	Grandes Jorasses	4208	C	×	×	×	×	843	Mont Blanc	2001
37	Piramide Vincent	4215	A	×	×	×	×	128	VS Monte Rosa	1988 1989 1991 1993
38	Hohberghorn	4219	B	×	×	×	×	77	VS Mischabel	1996
39	Zinalrothorn	4221	D	×	×	×	×	490	VS Weisshorn	1990
40	Castor	4228	B	×	×	×	×	165	VS Lyskamm	1989
41	Stecknadelhorn	4241	C	×	×	×	×	23	VS Mischabel	2000
42	Mont Blanc du Tacul	4248	B	×	×	×	×	213	Mont Blanc	1991
43	Finsteraarhorn	4274	C	×	×	×	×	2270	Bern	1997
44	Lenzspitze	4294	D	×	×	×	×	81	VS Mischabel	1985
45	Grand Combin de Grafeneire	4314	C	×	×	×	×	1517	VS Gd.Combin	1999
46	Schwarzhorn	4321	B	×	×	×	×	42	VS Monte Rosa	1987 1989
47	Nadelhorn	4327	B	×	×	×	×	206	VS Mischabel	1985 1990 1997 2000
48	Ludwigshöhe	4341	A	×	×	×	×	58	VS Monte Rosa	1987 1989 1993
49	Dent Blanche	4357	D	×	×	×	×	910	VS Weisshorn	1998
50	Parrotspitze	4432	B	×	×	×	×	136	VS Monte Rosa	1987 1991
51	Mont Maudit	4465	B	×	×	×	×	162	Mont Blanc	1991
52	Matterhorn	4478	D	×	×	×	×	1031	VS Matterhorn	1996
53	Täschhorn	4491	D	×	×	×	×	209	VS Mischabel	2000^a
54	Weisshorn	4505	D	×	×	×	×	1234	VS Weisshorn	1990
55	Lyskamm	4527	C	×	×	×	×	376	VS Lyskamm	1991
56	Dom	4545	B	×	×	×	×	1046	VS Mischabel	1990 1995
57	Signalkuppe	4554	B	×	×	×	×	102	VS Monte Rosa	1988 1991
58	Zumsteinspitze	4563	B	×	×	×	×	111	VS Monte Rosa	1988 1991
59	Nordend	4609	B	×	×	×	×	94	VS Monte Rosa	1990^a
60	Dufourspitze	4634	C	×	×	×	×	2165	VS Monte Rosa	1989
61	Mont Blanc	4810	B	×	×	×	×	4800	Mont Blanc	1988 1989 1990 1993 1995 2003

In case of the ascents marked by ^a, we did not completely reach the main summit.
[1] Karl Blodig, Helmut Dumler, "Die Viertausender der Alpen", Bergverlag Rudolf Rother
[2] Richard Goedeke, "4000er - die Normalwege", Verlag J. Berg
[3] Die Alpen 70, S.14 (Jan. 1994): This list was compiled by Gino Buscaini (CAI), François Labande (CAF), and Maurice Brandt (SAC). It is based on a topographic criterion of 30 height meters and additional subjective criteria (morphologic and alpinistic). Therefore Mont Blanc de Courmayeur is included because it is (as the authors state) morphologically and alpinistically independent, as also all five summits of Grandes Jorasses. All summits of Breithorns fulfil the topographic criterion (except Roccia Nera, however fulfilling the two other conditions).

I personally adhere to the old Blodig/Goedeke list. I must admit, however, that Punta Giordani, Dôme du Goûter and Balmenhorn are really a matter of personal taste.

Difficulties given in the table above:

(The five categories A to E are my personal grading scheme, not a "standard")

A	relatively easy (F to PD)
B	moderate (PD)
C	moderate to difficult (PD to AD)
D	rather difficult (AD)
E	difficult (D)

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